Darwin Plant Conservation Techniques 


Plant Conservation Bibliography

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Agnew, A.D.Q. (1985) Cyclic sequences of vegetation in the plant communities of the Aberdare Mountains, Kenya. J East Africa Nat. Hist. Soc. and Nat. Mus. 75(183):1-12.

Ahlbäck, A.J. (1995) Mobilizing rural people in Tanzania to tree planting. Why and How. Ambio 24(5):304-10.

Alpert, P. (1996) Integrated Conservation and Development Projects: Examples from Africa. BioScience 46(11):845-55.

Aluma, J. R. (1987) Uganda Forestry Resources and Action Plan. Draft Report on UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya.

Anon (1994) African Biodiversity, Foundation for the Future, a Framework for Integrating Biodiversity, Conservation and Sustainable Development. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington DC.

Anon (1994) Beekeeping in Malawi promotes park protection. Focus 16(6):3.

Anon (1995) WWF's Rwenzori Project protects Africa's 'Mountains of the Moon'. Focus 17(2):4.

Anon (1997) Southern African centres of plant diversity and endemism. SABONET News 2(3):102-3.

Anon (1997) Major East African centre of plant diversity protected. Plant Talk (July) p 39.

Armitage, D.R. (1996) Environmental management and policy in a dryland ecozone. The Eyasi-Yaeda Basin, Tanzania. Ambio 25(5):396-402.

Armstrong, A.J., and van Hensbergen, H.J. (1997) Evaluation of afforestable montane grasslands for wildlife conservation in the northwestern Cape, South Africa. Biological Conservation 81(1-2):179-90.

Asakawa, S. (1994) Plantation Trial in Semi-Arid Land, Kenya. In Rehabilitation of Degraded Forest Lands in the Tropics Technical Approach, JIRCAS International Symposium Series 1, pp. 140-6. Japan International Center for Agricultural Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.

Ascher, W. (1995) Communities and Sustainable Forestry in Developing Countries, ICS, USA.

Banyikawa, F. F. (1986) The geographical distribution of mangrove forests along the East African coast. In Status and Utilization of Mangroves. Proceedings of a workshop on 'Save the Mangrove Ecosystems in Tanzania' 21.-22. February 1986. University of Dar es Salaam Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam.

Baskin, Y. (1994) There's a new wildlife policy in Kenya: use it or lose it. Science 265(5173):733-4.

Beentje, H. J. (1987) Checklist of the plants of Mt Kenya above 3500 m. Bull. Mountain Club Kenya 83:46-50.

Beentje, H. J. (1988) An ecological and floristic study of the forests of the Taita Hills, Kenya. Utafiti - the Occasional Papers of the National Museum of Kenya 1(2):23-66.

Beentje, H. J. (1988) Atlas of rare trees Kenya. Utafiti - the Occasional Papers of the National Museum of Kenya 1(3):71-123.

Beentje, H. J. (1990) Status and future of the evergreen forests of Kenya. Mitteilungen Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 23:265-86. Proceedings of the 12th Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, 4-10 September 1988.

Beentje, H. J., Adams, B. and Davis, S. D. (1994) Regional Overview: Africa. In Centres of Plant Diversity: A guide and strategy for their conservation. Vol.3 (Davis, S. D., Heywood, V.H. and Hamilton, A.C., eds), pp. 101-48. IUCN Publication Unit, Cambridge, U.K.

Beentje, H. J. and Luke, Q. (in sched.) Vegetation of the moist forests of eastern Mount Kenya.

Beentje, H. J. (in press) Forests of Mount Kenya - vegetation and human uses.

Bidgood, S. and Vollesen, K. (1992) Bauhinia loeseneriana reinstated with notes on the forests of the Rondo Plateau, S.E. Tanzania. Kew Bulletin 47:759-64.

Binggeli, P. and Hamilton, A. C. (1990) Tree species invasions and sustainable forestry in the East Usambaras. In Research for Conservation of Tanzanian catchment forests. (Hedberg, I. and Persson, E., eds), pp. 39-47. University of Uppsala, Sweden.

Binggeli. P. and Hamilton, A. C. (1993 ) Biological invasion by Maesopsis eminii in the East Usambara forests, Tanzania. Opera Botanica 121:229-35.

Bird, C. Clarke, J., Moyo, J., Moyo, J.M., Nyakunu, P. and Thomas, S. (1995) Was Mrs Mutendi only Joking? Access to Timber in Zimbabwe's Communal Areas. Wildlife and Development Series, No. 6, IIED in association with the CAMPFIRE Collaborative Group, IIED, London.

Blanchez, J.-L. and Dube, Y. (1997) Funding forestry in Africa. Unasylva 48(188):8-14.

Brenan, J.P.M. (1978) Some aspects of the phytogeography of tropical Africa. Ann. Missouri Botanical Garden 65: 437-8.

Broekhaven, G., Gathaara, G., Kigenyi, G. and Salehe, J. (1996) Forest Conservation in East Africa. Arborvitae 2:14.

Broekhoven, G. and Tessema, Y. (1997) Ethiopia: Forests on the brink. Arborvitae 5:9.

Burgess, N.D., Mwasumbi, L.B., Hawthorne, W.J., Dickinson, A. and Doggett, R.A. (1992) Preliminary assessment of the distribution, status and biological importance of coastal forests in Tanzania. Biological Conservation 62: 205-18.

Burkey, T. (1995) Faunal collapse in East African game reserves revisited. Biological Conservation 71(l):107-10.

Burley, J. (1989) Forest Research in Eastern and Southern Africa. Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford.

Burkill, H.M. (1985) The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. Vol.1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Bussmann, R.W.(1996) Destruction and management of Mount Kenya's Forests. Ambio 25(5):314-7.

Butynski, T.M. (1984) Ecological survey of the Impenetrable Forest, Uganda, and recommendations for its conservation and management. (Mimeo).

Cahusac, A.B. (1958) Impenetrable C.F.R. .forest types (Interpretation Report No. 6). Reference map No. KI/45. Appendix G in Working Plan for the Impenetrable C.F.R. (Leggat, G.J. and Osmaston, H.A., eds). Uganda Forest Department, Entebbe, Uganda.

Campbell, B. (ed) (1996) The Miombo in Transition: Woodlands and Welfare in Africa. Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia.

Clarke, G.P. and Dickinson, A. (1995) Status Reports of 11 Coastal Forests in the Coast Region, Tanzania. Coastal Forest Research Program, Frontier-Tanzania Technical Report No.17, Society for Environmental Exploration and the University, of Dar es Salaam.

Clarke, G.P. and Stubblefield, L.K. (1995) Status Reports for 7 Coastal Forests in Tanga Region, Tanzania. Coastal Forest Research Program, Frontier Tanzania Technical Report No. 16, Society for Environmental Exploration and the University of Dar es Salaam.

Clarke, G.P. (1995) Status Reports of 6 Coastal Forests in Lindi Region, Tanzania. Coastal Forest Research Program, Frontier-Tanzania Technical Report No. 15, Society for Environmental Exploration and the University of Dar es Salaam.

Cleaver, K., Schreiber, G. and Ryden, P. (1992) Population, environment and agriculture. In The conservation atlas of tropical forests: Africa (Sayer, J.A., Harcourt, C.S. and Collins, N.M., eds), pp. 49-55. Macmillan.

Coetze, J. A. (1967) The East African Mountains. Palaeoecology of Africa 3:1-146.

Cumming, D.H.M., Brock Fenton, M., Rautenbach, I.L., Taylor, R.D., Cumming, G.S., Cumming, M.S., Dunlop, J.M., Ford, A.G., Horocka, M.D., Johnston, D.S., Kalcounis, M., Mahlangu, Z. and Portfors, C.V.R. (1997) Elephants, woodlands and biodiversity in south Africa. South African Journal of' Science 93:231-6.

Cunneyworth, P. and Stubblefield, L. (eds) (1996) Bamba Ridge Forest Reserve. East Usambara Catchment Forest Project Technical Paper No.30. Forestry and Beekeeping Division & Finnish Forest and Park Service & National Soil Service, Dar es Salaam & Vantaa.

Cunneyworth, P. (1996) Mtai Forest Reserve. East Usambara Catchment Forest Project Technical Paper No.37. Forestry and Beekeeping Division & Finnish Forest and Park Service & National Soil Service, Dar es Salaam & Vantaa.

Cunneyworth, P. (1996) Kwamarimba Forest Reserve - a lowland forest bordering the Sigi River. East Usambara Catchment Forest Project Technical Paper No.32. Forestry and Beekeeping Division & Finnish Forest and Park Service & National Soil Service, Dar es Salaam & Vantaa.

Cunneyworth, P. (1996) Kambai Forest Reserve - a lowland forest in the Sigi-Muzi valley. East Usambara Catchment Forest Project Technical Paper No.34. Forestry and Beekeeping Division & Finnish Forest and Park Service & National Soil Service, Dar es Salaam & Vantaa.

Cunningham, A.B. (1993) African medicinal plants: setting priorities at the interface between conservation and primary healthcare. UNESCO, Paris.

Cunningham, A. (1996) People, park and plant use: Recommendations for multiple-use zones and development alternatives around Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. In People and Plants Working Paper 4. People and Plants Initiative, UNESCO, France.

Cunningham, A. (1997) Identification guide for Prunus africana: bark and products in international trade. Medicinal Plant Conservation 3:18-20.

Cunningham, M., Cunningham, A. and Schippmann, U. (1997) Trade in Prunus qfricana and the implementation of CITES. German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany, 52pp.

Damen, 0. and Ambunya, N. (1993) Village Negotiations: Agreement Preparation for Village Based Forest Management and Protection. KIFCON/Community Organization Consultants.

Damen, 0. and Ambunya, N (1993) Village Negotiations. Follow-up Activities. KIFCON/Community Organisation Consultants.

Davis, S.D. (1996?) Identifying globally important sites for conserving plant diversity: the Centres of Plant Diversity project. In Proceedings of the XIIIth AETFAT Congress (Seyani, J.H., ed). Zomba, Malawi, April 1991.

Droop, S.J.M. (1988) The work of the IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre at Kew and the forthcoming Centres of Plant Diversity book. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25:465-9.

Eastwood, A., Bytebier, B., Tye, H., Maunder, M., Tye, A. and Robertson, A. (1998) The conservation status of Saintpaulia. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 15(l):49-62.

Emerton, L. (1992) Summary of Findings on Forest Utilisation in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest. KIFCON, Nairobi.

Emerton, L. (1992) Summary of Findings on Forest Utilisation in Kakamega Forest. KIFCON, Nairobi.

Ermerton, L. (1993) Utilisation of Mount Kenya Forest: Preliminary Field Notes. KIFCON, Nairobi.

Emerton, L. (1994) Summary of the Current National Value of Use of Kenya's Indigenous Forests to Households. KIFCON, Nairobi.

Emerton, L. (1996) Maasai Livelihoods, Forest Use Values and Conservation in Oldonyo Orok, Kenya. African Wildlife Foundation Discussion Papers Series: Applied Conservation Economics Discussion Paper No.2, ACE-DP-2, African Wildlife Foundation, Nairobi.

Emerton, L. (1996) Participatory Environmental Valuation: Subsistence Forest Use Around the Aberdares, Kenya. African Wildlife Foundation Discussion Papers Series: Applied Conservation Economics Discussion Paper No.1, ACE-DP-1, African Wildlife Foundation, Nairobi.

Emerton, L. (1996) Valuing the Environment: Case studies from Kenya. African Wildlife Foundation, Nairobi.

FAO (1989) Tropical Forestry Action Plan. United Republic of Tanzania. FAO, Rome, Italy.

FAO/UNEP (1981) Tropical Forest Resources Assessment Project. Forest Resources of Tropical Africa. Part II Country Briefs. FAO, Rome, Italy.

Forest Department (1951) A History of Uganda Forest Department 1898 - 1929. Government Printer, Entebbe, Uganda.

Forest Department (1955) A History of Uganda Forest Department 1930 1950. Government Printer, Entebbe, Uganda.

Foster, P.F. and Sork, V.L. (1997) Population and genetic structure of the West African rain forest liana Ancistrocladus korupensis (Ancistrocladaceae). American Journal of Botany 84(8):1078-91.

Friis, I. and Tadesse, M. (1988) The Evergreen Forests of Tropical North East Africa. In Floristic Inventory of Tropical Countries (Campbell, D. G. and Hammond, H. D., eds), pp. 218-31. Science Publishing Department, New York Botanical Gardens, New York, USA.

Friis, I. and Vollesen, K. (unpublished) A checklist of the plants of the Imatong Mts., southern Sudan, including the Dongotona Mts., the Didinga Hills and parts of the Imatong Mts. which extend into Uganda.

Fuller, R.M., Groom, G.B., Mugisha, S., Ipulet, P., Pomeroy, D., Katende, A., Bailey, R., Ogutu-Ohwayo, R. (1998) The integration of field survey and remote sensing for biodiversity assessment: a case study in the tropical forests and wetlands of Sango Bay, Uganda. Biological Conservation 86(3):379-91.

Gadgil, M., Berkes, F. and Foke, C. (1993) Indigenous Knowledge for Biodiversity Conservation. Ambio 22(2-3):151-6.

Greenway, P. J. (1973) A classification of the vegetation of East Africa. Kirkia 9:1-68.

Hamilton, A.C. (1969) The vegetation of south-west Kigezi. Uganda Journal 33:175-99.

Hamilton, A.C. (1974) Distribution patterns of the forest trees in Uganda and their historical significance. Vegetatio 29:21-35.

Hamilton, A.C. (1975) A quantitative analysis of altitudinal zonation in Uganda forests. Vegetatio 30:99-106.

Hamilton, A.C. and Perrott, R.A. (1981) A study of altitudinal zonation in the montane forest belt of Mount Elgon. Vegetatio 45:107-25.

Hamilton, A. C. (1982) Environmental history of East Africa: a study of the Quaternary. Academic Press, London. 328pp.

Hamilton, A. C. (1984) Deforestation in Uganda. Oxford University Press, Nairobi, Kenya.

Hamilton, A.C. (1987) Vegetation and climate of Mt. Elgon during the late Pleistocene and Holocene, Palaeoecology of Africa, 18:121-76.

Hamilton, A.C. (1988) Guenon evolution and forest history. In A primate radiation: evolutionary history of the African Guenons (Gautier-Hion, A., Bourliere, F., Gautier, J.P. and Kingdon,J., eds), pp. 113-24. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Hamilton, A.C. (1989) African forests. In Tropical rainforest ecosystems (Lieth, H. and Werger, M.J.A., eds), pp. 155-82. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Hamilton, A.C. and Bensted-Smith, R. (eds) (1989) Forest Conservation in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 392pp.

Hamilton, A.C., Baranga, J. and Tindigarukayo, J. (1990) Proposed Bwindi (Impenetrable) Forest National Park: results of public inquiry and recommendations for establishment. (Mimeo).

Hamilton, A.C. (1992) History of forests and climate. In The conservation atlas of tropical forests: Africa. (Sayer, J.A., Hartcourt, C.S. and Collins, N.M., eds), pp. 17-25. Macmillan.

Hamilton, A.C. (1997) Kenya Carving out Disaster ? Plant Talk 8:26-7.

Hannah, L. (1992) African People, African Park: An Evaluation of Development Initiatives as a Means of Improving Protected Area Conservation in Africa. USAID, Biodiversity Support Program, Conservation International.

Hauman, L. (1933) Esquisse de la vegetation des hautes altitudes sur le Ruwenzori. Bull. Acad. Belg. Cl. Sci. ser. 5, 19: 602-16, 702-17, 900-17.

Hedberg, 0. (1951) Vegetation belts of the East African mountains. Svensk. Bot. Tidskr. 45:140-202.

Hedberg, 0. (1969) Growth rate of East African giant senecios. Nature 222:163-4.

Hedberg, I. and Persson, E. (eds) (1990) Research for conservation of Tanzania catchment forests. Proceedings from a workshop held in Morogoro, Tanzania, 13-17 March 1989. Uppsala University, Sweden. 176pp.

Hoffman, T. (1997) Bibliography of southern African arid zone literature up to 1996. Sabonet News 2(3): 111-2.

Höft, R. and Höft, M. (1995) The differential effects of elephants on rainforest communities in the Shimba Hills, Kenya. Biological Conservation 73:67-79.

Holmgren, P., Masakha, E. J. and Sjöhol, H. (1994) Not all African land is being degraded: a recent survey of trees on farms in Kenya reveals rapidly increasing forest resources. Ambio 23(7):390-5.

Howard, P. C. (1991) Nature Conservation in Uganda's Tropical Forest Reserves. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 330pp.

Hughes, R. H. and Hughes, J. S. (1991) A Directory of Afrotropical Wetlands. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK/UNEP, Nairobi, Kenya/WCMC, Cambridge, UK.

IIED (1994) Whose Eden? An Overview of Community Approaches to Wildlife Management. A report to the Overseas Development Administration of the British Government.

IIED in association with the CAMPFIRE Collaborative Group (1995) CAMPFIRE Papers, Wildlife and Development Ser.1-8, IIED, London.

IUCN (1987) IUCN Directory of Afrotropical Protected Areas. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge. UK. xix + 1043 pp.

IUCN (1987) Action Strategy for Protected Areas in the Afrotropical Realm. Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas (CNPPA). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

IUCN (1987) Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for their conservation. IUCN Threatened Plants Unit, Kew. UK.

IUCN (1990) 1990 United Nations List of National Parks and Protected Areas. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 275 pp.

IUCN (1990) Biodiversity in Sub-Saharan Africa and its Island: Conservation, Management and Sustainable use. Occasional Papers of the IUCN Species Survival Commission 6. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Iversen, S.T. (1987) The SAREC supported Iintegrated Usambara Rain Forest Project Tanzania: Report for the Period 1983-1987. Faculty of Forestry, Sokoine University, Morogoro, Tanzania and Department of Systematic Botany, Uppsala University, Uppsala.

Iversen, S.T. (1991) The Usambara Mountains, NE Tanzania: phytogeography of the vascular plant flora. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis Symbolae Botanicae Upsaliensis 29. 234pp.

Jones. S. (1996) Forest restoration in the Eritrean highlands. Arborvitae 3:12.

Jurgens, N. (1997) Floristic biodiversity and history of African arid regions. Biodiversity and Conservation 6(3):495-514.

Kembelo, K. (1996) Botanic Gadens in Zaire and the present state of biodiversity in Zaire. Botanic Gardens Conservation International, 2(7):25-8.

Kendrick, K. (1989) Equatorial Africa. In Floristic inventory of tropical countries: the status plant systematics, collections, and vegetation, plus recommendations for the future. (Campbell, D. G. and Hammond, H. D., eds), pp. 203-16. New York Botanical Garden, New York.

Kielland, J. and Congdon, T.C.E. (1990) A report on forests in Tanzania which are greatly in need of protection. (unpublished MS).

KIFCON/Organic Matter Management Network (1994) Participatory Evaluation of Work with Self-help Groups to Promote Conservation Farming.

Kigenyi, F. (1990) Forest Reserves. In Conservation of Biodiversity in Uganda. (Pomeroy, D., ed), pp. 15-6. Proceedings of the Second Conservation Forum.

Kokwaro, J. 0. (1988) Conservation status of the Kakamega Forest in Kenya. Monograph Systematic Botany Missouri Botanic Gardens. 25:471-89.

Koopowitz, H., Anderson, M., Thornbill, A., Nguyen, H. and Pham, A. (1994) Comparison of distributions of terrestrial and epiphytic African orchids: implications for conservation, pp. 120-4, Proceedings of the 14th World Orchid Congress, HMSO, Glasgow, UK.

Kuchli, C. (1996) Tanzania: a second garden of Eden. People & the Planet 5(4):20 1.

Langdale-Brown, I. (1960) The Vegetation of Uganda (excluding Karamoja). Series 2, No.6, Memoirs Research Division Department of Agriculture, Uganda.

Langdale-Brown, I., Osmaston, H. A. and Wilson, J. G. (1964) The Vegetation of Uganda and its bearing on Land Use. Government Printer, Entebbe, Uganda

Leggat, G. J. and Osmaston, H.A. (1961) Working plan for the Impenetrable Central Forest Reserve, Kigezi District, Western Province, Uganda. Uganda Forest Department, Entebbe (Mimeo).

Lind, E. M. and Morrison, M. (1974) Vegetation of East Africa. Longman, London. 257pp.

Lovett, J. C. (1985) Moist forests of eastern Tanzania. Swara 8:89,

Lovett, J. C. (1988) Endemism and affinities of the Tanzanian montane forest flora. In Modern systematic studies in African botany (Goldblatt, P. and Lowry, P., eds), pp. 591-8. Missouri Botanical Garden, St Louis.

Lovett, J. C. (1988) Tanzania. In Floristic Inventory of Tropical Countries (Campbell, D.G. and Hammond, H. D., eds), pp. 23-25. Science Publishing Department, New York Botanical Gardens, New York, USA.

Lovett, J. C. and Congdon, T.C.E. (1989) Notes on the Ihanga forest and Luhega forest near Uhafiwa Uzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. East Africa Natural History Society Bulletin 19:30-1.

Lovett, J. C. (1990). Classification and status of the moist forests of Tanzania. In Proceedings of 'the Twelfth Plenary Meeting of AETFAT, Hamburg, 4 10 September 1988. Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 23a: 287-300.

Lovett, J. C. and Pócs, T. (1992) Assessment of the condition of the Catchment Forest Reserves. Forest and Beekeeping Division, Ministry of Natural Resources, Tourism and Environment, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Lovett, J.C. and Wasser, S.K. (eds) (1991) Biogeography and ecology of the rainforests of Eastern Africa.Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Lovett, J. C. (1993) Eastern Arc moist forest flora. In Biogeography and ecology of the rain forests of eastern Africa (Lovett, J. C. and Wasser, S. K., eds) Cambridge University Press.

Lovett, J. C. and Wasser, S. (in press) Ecology and Biogeography of the Forests of Eastern Africa. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Lovett, J. C., Gereau, R. E. and Sidwell, K. J. (undated) Vegetation and phytogeography of the Kitulo Plateau, southern Tanzania. 9pp. (Typescript)

Luke, Q. (ed) (1996) Conservation Assessment and Management Planning. (CAMP) Workshop for Selected Species of the Kenya Coastal Forests. National Museums of Kenya-Darwin Plant Conservation Techniques Course for East Africa, 20-25 November 1996, Coastal Forest Conservation Unit, Ukunda. Kenya.

Lusigi, W. J. (1994) Socio-economic and ecological prospects for multiple use of protected areas in Africa. Biodiversity and Conservation 3(5):449-58.

Mabberley, D.M. (1986) Adaptive Syndromes of the Afroalpine Species of Dendrosenecio. In High atlitude tropical biogeography (Vuilleumier, F. and Monasterio, M., eds), pp. 81-102. Oxford University Press.

MacKinnon, J. and MacKinnon, K. (1986) Review of Protected Areas System in the Afrotropical Realm. IUCN/UNEP, Gland. Switzerland. 259pp.

Marshall, N. and Jenkins, M. (1994) Hard times for Hardwood: Indigenous Timber and Timber Trade in Kenya. Traffic International, Cambridge, UK., 53pp.

May, R. M. (1981) The world's worst weeds. Nature 290:85.

McNeely, J.A. (1993 ) Economic incentives for conservation biodiversity lessons for East Africa. Ambio 22(23):144-50.

Moran, D. (1994) Contingent valuation and biodiversity: measuring the user surplus of Kenyan protected areas. Biodiversity and Conservation 3(8):663-84.

Morat, P. and Lowry II, P. (1997) Floristic richness in the Africa-Madagascar region: a brief history and prospective. Adansonia 19(1):101-15.

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Nishida, T. and Uehara, S. (1981) Kitongwe name of plants: a preliminary listing. African Study Monographs 1: 109-31.

Newmark, W. D. (1991) The conservation of Mount Kilimanjaro, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Newmark, W.D. (1996) Insularization of Tanzanian parks and the local extinction of large mammals. Conservation Biology 10(6):1549-56.

Newmark, W.D., Manyanza, D.N., Gamassa, D.M. and Sariko, H.I. (1994) Conflict between wildlife and local people living adjacent to protected areas in Tanzania: human density as a predictor. Conservation Biology 8(1)249-55.

Nshubemuki, L. and Mugasha, A.G. (1995) Chance discoveries and germplasm conservation in Tanzania: Some observations on 'Reserved' trees. Environmental Conservation 22(l):51-5.

Nummelin, M. (ed) (1997) Proceedings of the International Conference On The Eastern Arc Mountains. 1-5 December 1997, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Nurse, M.C. and Edwards. S.R. (1993) Strategies for the Sustainable Conservation of Forests under Threat from their Adjacent Communities. KIFCON/BirdLife International.

Ochyra, R. and Pócs. T. (1986) East African bryophytes, X.K. Norikoshi's collection from the Mahale Mountains National Park, western Tanzania. Hikoba 9:387-93.

ODA (1992) Environmental synopsis of Uganda. International Institute for Environment and Development, London.

ODA (1996) African Wildlife Policy Consultation: Final report of the consultation. ODA, London.

Opole, M. (1992) Community Liaison Activities in Three Villages on the Edge of the Kakamega Forest Reserve. KIFCON.

Persson, R. (1975) Forest Resources of Africa. Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm, Sweden.

Pócs, T. (1976) Vegetation mapping in the Uluguru Mountains (Tanzania, East Africa). Boissiera 24:477-98.

Pócs, T. (1990) Geography and ecology of Usambara's bryophytes. In Research for conservation of Tanzania catchment forests. Proceedings from a workshop held in Morogoro, Tanzania, 13-17 March 1989. (Hedberg, I. and Persson, E., eds) Uppsala University, Sweden.

Pócs, T. (1991) The significance of lower plants in the conservation of Mount Kilimanjaro. In The conservation of Mount Kilimanjaro (Newark, W. D., ed.), pp. 21-33. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Pócs, T. (1993) The altitudinal distribution of Kilimanjaro bryophytes. In Proceedings of the XIIIth AETFAT Congress, Zomba, Malawi, 2-11 April 1993 (Seyani, J.H., ed).

Poffenberger, M. (ed) (1996) Communities and Forest Management: with recommendations to the intergovernmental panel on forests, IUCN, Gland.

Polhill, R. M. (1968) Tanzania. In Conservation of vegetation in Africa south of the Sahara (Hedberg, I. and Hedberg, 0., eds), pp. 166-78. Acta Phytogeographica Suecia.

Polhill, R. M. (1988) East Africa (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda). In Floristic Inventory of Tropical Countries (Campbell, D. G. and Hammond., eds), pp. 218-31. Science Publishing Department, New York Botanical Gardens, New York, USA.

Pomeroy, D. (ed) (1990) Conservation of Biodiversity in Uganda. Proceedings of the Second Conservation Forum. 63pp.

Pottinger, A. J. and Burley, J. (1992) A Review of Forest Biodiversity Research in Africa. Invited Paper, Meeting of the IUFRO Project Group P1. 16 (Forest Biodiversity) Berlin, Germany, September 1992.

Poulsen, A. (1997) Plant diversity in forests of western Uganda and eastern Zaire (preliminary results). AAU Reports 36:1-76.

Pretty, J.N. and Pimbert, M. P. (1995) Beyond conservation ideology and the wilderness myth. Natural Resources Forum 19(1):5-14.

Pretty, J.N., Thompson, J. and Kiara, J.K. (1995) Agricultural Regeneration in Kenya: The catchment Approach to Soil and Water Conservation. Ambio 24(l):7-15.

Rehder, H., Beck, E. and Kokwaro, J.0., (1988) The Afroalpine plant communities of Mt Kenya. Phytocoenologia 16:433-63.

Rejmánek, M. (1996) Invasive plant species and invasible ecosystems. In Proceedings Norway/UN Conference on Alien Species (Sandlund, O.T., Schei, P.J. and Viken, A., eds), pp. 60-8. The Trondheim Conferences on Biodiversity, 1-5 July 1996.

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Robertson, S. A. and Beentje, H. J. (in sched.) A preliminary list of plants occurring in the area of 300-3500m around the Meru Mt Kenya Lodge.

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